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008    180301s2017    nyuab    b    001 0 eng d 
020    9780735221628 
040    IMmBT|beng|erda|cIMmBT|dUtOrBLW 
082 04 946.8/9|223 
092    946.89|bADK 
100 1  Adkins, Roy|q(Roy A.),|eauthor. 
245 10 Gibraltar :|bthe greatest siege in British history /|cRoy 
       and Lesley Adkins. 
264  1 New York, New York :|bViking,|c[2017] 
300    xxvi, 449 pages :|billustrations (chiefly color), maps 
       (some color) ;|c24 cm 
336    text|2rdacontent 
337    unmediated|2rdamedia 
338    volume|2rdacarrier 
504    Includes bibliographical references (pages 411-416) and 
       index. 
520    For more than three and a half years, from 1779 to 1783, 
       the tiny territory of Gibraltar was besieged and blockaded,
       on land and at sea, by the overwhelming forces of Spain 
       and France. It became the longest siege in British history,
       and the obsession with saving Gibraltar was blamed for the
       loss of the American colonies in the War of Independence. 
       Located between the Mediterranean and Atlantic, on the 
       very edge of Europe, Gibraltar was a place of varied 
       nationalities, languages, religions, and social classes. 
       During the siege, thousands of soldiers, civilians, and 
       their families withstood terrifying bombardments, 
       starvation, and disease. Very ordinary people lived 
       through extraordinary events, from shipwrecks and naval 
       battles to an attempted invasion of England and a daring 
       sortie out of Gibraltar into Spain. Deadly innovations 
       included red-hot shot, shrapnel shells, and a barrage from
       immense floating batteries.  This is military and social 
       history at its best, a story of soldiers, sailors, and 
       civilians, with royalty and rank and file, workmen and 
       engineers, priests, prisoners of war, spies, and surgeons,
       all caught up in a struggle for a fortress located on 
       little more than two square miles of awe-inspiring rock. 
       Gibraltar: The Greatest Siege in British History is an 
       epic page-turner, rich in dramatic human detail—a tale of 
       courage, endurance, intrigue, desperation, greed, and 
       humanity. The everyday experiences of all those involved 
       are brought vividly to life with eyewitness accounts and 
       expert research. 
651  0 Gibraltar|xHistory|ySiege, 1779-1783. 
700 1  Adkins, Lesley,|eauthor.