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008    200710s2020    xxunnn es      i  n eng d 
020    9781094271255 (sound recording : hoopla Audio Book) 
020    109427125X (sound recording : hoopla Audio Book) 
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028 42 MWT13368625 
037    13368625|bMidwest Tape, LLC|nhttp://www.midwesttapes.com 
040    Midwest|erda 
099    eAudiobook hoopla 
099    eAudiobook hoopla 
100 1  United States Arms Control, . 
245 10 Worldwide effects of nuclear war|h[Hoopla electronic 
       resource] /|cUnited States Arms Control. 
250    Unabridged. 
264  1 [United States] :|bFindaway Voices,|c2020. 
264  2 |bMade available through hoopla 
300    1 online resource (1 audio file (54 min.)) :|bdigital. 
336    spoken word|bspw|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
344    digital|hdigital recording|2rda 
347    data file|2rda 
506    Digital content provided by hoopla. 
511 1  Read by Mia Walson. 
520    It has now been two decades since the introduction of 
       thermonuclear fusion weapons into the military inventories
       of the great powers, and more than a decade since the 
       United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union ceased 
       to test nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. Today our 
       understanding of the technology of thermonuclear weapons 
       seems highly advanced, but our knowledge of the physical 
       and biological consequences of nuclear war is continuously
       evolving. Only recently, new light was shed on the subject
       in a study which the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 
       had asked the National Academy of Sciences to undertake. 
       Previous studies had tended to focus very largely on 
       radioactive fallout from a nuclear war; an important 
       aspect of this new study was its inquiry into all possible
       consequences, including the effects of large-scale nuclear
       detonations on the ozone layer which helps protect life on
       earth from the sun's ultraviolet radiations. Assuming a 
       total detonation of 10,000 megatons--a large-scale but 
       less than total nuclear "exchange," as one would say in 
       the dehumanizing jargon of the strategists--it was 
       concluded that as much as 30-70 percent of the ozone might
       be eliminated from the northern hemisphere (where a 
       nuclear war would presumably take place) and as much as 20
       -40 percent from the southern hemisphere. Recovery would 
       probably take about 3-10 years, but the Academy's study 
       notes that long term global changes cannot be completely 
       ruled out. Strange though it might seem, the increased 
       ultraviolet radiation could also be accompanied by a drop 
       in the average temperature. The size of the change is open
       to question, but the largest changes would probably occur 
       at the higher latitudes, where crop production and 
       ecological balances are sensitively dependent on the 
       number of frost-free days and other factors related to 
       average temperature. The Academy's study concluded that 
       ozone changes due to nuclear war might decrease global 
       surface temperatures by only negligible amounts or by as 
       much as a few degrees. To calibrate the significance of 
       this, the study mentioned that a cooling of even 1 degree 
       centigrade would eliminate commercial wheat growing in 
       Canada. Thus, the possibility of a serious increase in 
       ultraviolet radiation has been added to widespread 
       radioactive fallout as a fearsome consequence of the large
       -scale use of nuclear weapons. And it is likely that we 
       must reckon with still other complex and subtle processes,
       global in scope, which could seriously threaten the health
       of distant populations in the event of an all-out nuclear 
       war. Much of our knowledge was thus gained by chance--a 
       fact which should imbue us with humility as we contemplate
       the remaining uncertainties (as well as the certainties) 
       about nuclear warfare. What we have learned enables us, 
       nonetheless, to see more clearly. We know, for instance, 
       that some of the earlier speculations about the after-
       effects of a global nuclear war were as far-fetched as 
       they were horrifying--such as the idea that the worldwide 
       accumulation of radioactive fallout would eliminate all 
       life on the planet, or that it might produce a train of 
       monstrous genetic mutations in all living things, making 
       future life unrecognizable. And this accumulation of 
       knowledge which enables us to rule out the more fanciful 
       possibilities also allows us to reexamine, with some 
       scientific rigor, other phenomena which could seriously 
       affect the global environment and the populations of 
       participant and nonparticipant countries alike. This paper
       is an attempt to set in perspective some of the longer 
       term effects of nuclear war on the global environment, 
       with emphasis on areas and peoples distant from the actual
       targets of the weapons. 
538    Mode of access: World Wide Web. 
650  4 Political 
655  0 Audiobooks 
700 1  Walson, Mia. 
710 2  hoopla digital. 
856 40 |uhttps://www.hoopladigital.com/title/
       13368625?utm_source=MARC|zInstantly available on hoopla. 
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